Finding Postpartum Help: A Comprehensive Guide to Postpartum Depression Therapy and Treatment (Copy)
A new baby can be exhausting and depleting. You’re not alone.
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If you’ve ever been a new parent, you may have heard others say, “How could you possibly be sad or angry when you have this new “bundle of joy?” The truth is, these experiences are real for both mothers and fathers, and they have a huge impact on your well-being.
The myth of the pregnancy glow, extreme exhaustion, and sleep deprivation makes the transition to parenthood incredibly difficult. Experiencing these difficulties can make you feel more isolated and alone than ever before.
After the birth of a child, new parents can experience a range of emotions that are frightening and overwhelming for them, including:
Feeling sadness, guilt, and inadequacy as a new parent
Worried and stressed about the baby’s health and well-being (even when things are fine)
Feeling emotionally detached and unable to bond with the baby
Thoughts of harming the baby or someone else harming the baby, intentionally or unintentionally
Wanting to be alone, isolating, refusing to hold or touch the baby
Obsessively cleaning, washing hands, washing the baby, doing laundry very frequently
You may have heard of the “baby blues,” a mild, more common form of postpartum depression occurring in 70-80% of all new mothers. The symptoms of the baby blues usually disappear within 2 weeks of delivery. Postpartum depression and other perinatal mood and anxiety disorders, or PMADS, unfortunately linger around for a lot longer, wreaking havoc in the lives of new parents who hoped that parenthood would be an exciting new chapter in their lives.
Understanding Postpartum Depression and Anxiety
The arrival of a new baby is a significant life event that brings a mix of emotions. While many new parents expect to feel joy and excitement, it's not uncommon to also experience feelings of sadness, anxiety, or overwhelm. For some, these feelings may be a sign of postpartum depression, a common and treatable condition.
Postpartum depression affects up to 1 in 7 women worldwide. It's important to note that postpartum depression can also affect men, with a prevalence rate of around 1 in 10. This condition can occur anytime within the first year after childbirth, with symptoms typically beginning within the first three months.
Symptoms of Postpartum Depression
Postpartum depression symptoms can vary from person to person but may include:
Persistent sadness, anxiety, or emptiness
Irritability, anger, or restlessness
Changes in sleep or appetite
Difficulty concentrating or making decisions
Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, or hopelessness
Loss of interest or pleasure in activities
Thoughts of death or suicide
Causes and Risk Factors
Several factors contribute to the development of postpartum depression. These include:
Hormonal changes: After childbirth, there is a significant drop in estrogen and progesterone levels, which can lead to mood changes.
Sleep deprivation: Caring for a newborn often involves disrupted sleep, which can exacerbate depressive symptoms.
Stress: The demands of parenthood, financial pressures, and changes in relationships can all contribute to postpartum depression.
History of mental health conditions: Individuals with a history of depression or anxiety are at higher risk of developing postpartum depression.
Recognizing the Need for Postpartum Help
Many parents suffer alone because providers are not trained to regularly assess the symptoms of perinatal mental health disorders. Still, finding quality postpartum treatment is possible.
Postpartum Support International has a directory where you can find providers specifically trained in postpartum treatment.
Postpartum depression can have severe consequences if left untreated. It can affect the parent's health and well-being, impair bonding with the baby, and negatively impact the child's development. In rare cases, new parents may experience postpartum psychosis, a medical emergency requiring immediate attention.
Postpartum Psychosis: When Immediate Help is Needed
Postpartum psychosis is a severe mental illness that can affect new mothers, with a prevalence rate of around 1-2 per 1000 births. Symptoms may include:
Hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that aren't there)
Delusions (believing things that are not true)
Paranoia (feeling suspicious or fearful that others intend harm)
Mania (feeling extremely energized, elated, or irritable)
If you or someone else is experiencing these symptoms, please contact a healthcare professional immediately. Postpartum psychosis is a medical emergency that requires urgent treatment, often in a hospital setting.
The Benefits of Postpartum Depression Therapy
Engaging in postpartum depression treatment can significantly improve your mental health and well-being. Here are some benefits of seeking postpartum therapy:
1. Professional Guidance
A postpartum depression therapist can provide expert advice and support tailored to your unique situation. They can help you understand your feelings, develop coping strategies, and set realistic goals for your recovery.
2. Safe Space
Postpartum therapy offers a non-judgmental space to express your feelings and concerns openly. Talking about your experiences with a supportive and empathetic professional can be incredibly healing and validating.
3. Evidence-Based Strategies
A postpartum therapist can equip you with proven techniques to manage symptoms and improve your mood. These may include:
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): CBT can help you identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviors that contribute to depression.
Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT): IPT focuses on improving relationships and social support, which can be particularly helpful for new parents.
Mindfulness and Relaxation Techniques: Practices such as mindfulness meditation, deep breathing, and progressive muscle relaxation can help reduce stress and anxiety.
4. Improved Parent-Child Bonding
Effective postpartum depression treatment can enhance the parent-child relationship. A study by Forman et al. (2007) found that mothers who received cognitive-behavioral therapy for postpartum depression reported improved interactions with their infants.
Finding the Right Postpartum Depression Therapist
Postpartum Support International has a specialized directory of trained providers in postpartum treatment all over the U.S.
Postpartum Support International Helpline - CALL
1-800-944-4773 (4PPD)
English & Spanish
Text in English: 800-944-4773
Text en Español: 971-203-7773
National Maternal Mental Health Hotline - CALL or TEXT
1-833-TLC-MAMA / 1-833-852-6262
English & Spanish
For more help resources, click here. If you or a loved one need access to emergency support hotlines, please click here.
When searching for a postpartum depression therapist, consider their credentials, experience, and approach to postpartum depression treatment. Here are some tips to help you find the right fit:
1. Check Qualifications
Look for a mental health professional with specialized training in perinatal mood and anxiety disorders. They may be a psychologist, psychiatrist, social worker, or counselor with expertise in this area.
2. Ask About Their Approach
Different therapists use different treatment approaches. Ask about their methods to ensure they align with your preferences and needs.
3. Consider Cultural Competency
It's essential to find a therapist who understands and respects your cultural background. Cultural competency can enhance the therapeutic alliance and improve treatment outcomes.
4. Trust Your Instincts
Feeling comfortable with your therapist is crucial. Don't hesitate to shop around until you find someone who makes you feel heard, understood, and supported.
Postpartum Depression Treatment Options
In addition to therapy, other postpartum depression treatment options include:
1. Medication
Antidepressant medication can be effective in managing postpartum depression symptoms. Some antidepressants are considered safe for breastfeeding mothers. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any new medication.
2. Support Groups
Joining a postpartum support group can provide valuable connections with others going through similar experiences. Support groups can offer emotional support, practical advice, and a sense of community.
3. Lifestyle Changes
Self-care practices such as regular exercise, a healthy diet, adequate sleep, and stress management techniques can all contribute to improved mental health.
4. Light Therapy
For some people, light therapy can help alleviate postpartum depression symptoms. This involves sitting near a special light box that emits bright, full-spectrum light similar to sunlight.
Postpartum Depression in Fathers and Partners
Around 10% of new fathers experience postpartum depression.
Around 5-15% of dads experience other perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADS), such as anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) within the first year postpartum, or during the pregnancy.
It's important to remember that postpartum depression can affect fathers and non-birthing partners too. Around 10% of new fathers experience postpartum depression. Factors contributing to paternal postpartum depression may include sleep deprivation, financial stress, and changes in relationships.
If you're a father or partner struggling with postpartum depression, don't hesitate to seek help. Postpartum depression therapy can be just as beneficial for you as it is for mothers.
Postpartum Anxiety: More Than Just Depression
While postpartum depression is widely recognized, postpartum anxiety is also a common and treatable condition. Postpartum anxiety can manifest as generalized anxiety, panic attacks, or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Symptoms may include:
Excessive worry or fear
Racing thoughts
Restlessness or agitation
Physical symptoms such as sweating, trembling, or shortness of breath
Intrusive thoughts or images
Compulsive behaviors or mental acts
Postpartum anxiety can be effectively treated with therapy, medication, and lifestyle changes. If you're struggling with anxiety after the birth of your child, consider reaching out to a postpartum therapist for support.
Preventing Postpartum Depression
While postpartum depression isn't always preventable, certain factors can reduce the risk. These include:
Social Support: Having a strong support network can significantly decrease the likelihood of developing postpartum depression.
Self-Care: Prioritizing self-care during pregnancy and after childbirth can help manage stress and promote mental well-being.
Education: Learning about postpartum depression and its symptoms can empower individuals to seek help early if needed.
Professional Support: Regular check-ins with healthcare providers during and after pregnancy can help monitor mental health and provide timely interventions if necessary.
You Are Not Alone: Postpartum Help is Available
Whether you're dealing with postpartum depression, anxiety, or postnatal psychosis, remember that you are not alone. Many parents have walked this path before and found relief through postpartum depression therapy. Don't hesitate to reach out for postpartum help today.
Breaking the Stigma
Despite its prevalence, postpartum depression remains stigmatized. Many new parents feel ashamed or guilty for experiencing depressive symptoms, which can deter them from seeking help. It's crucial to challenge these stigmas and encourage open conversations about postpartum mental health.
Remember, seeking postpartum help is a sign of strength, not weakness. By taking care of your mental health, you're not only helping yourself but also ensuring the best possible outcome for your child and family.
Conclusion
Postpartum depression is a common and treatable condition that affects many new parents. Recognizing the symptoms and seeking postpartum help early can significantly improve outcomes. Postpartum depression therapy, along with other treatment options, can provide the support and tools needed to navigate this challenging time.
FREE SELF-TEST FOR POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION
Do you think you might have symptoms of postpartum depression, anxiety, or trauma? You can complete a brief, 10-question self test here and bring to a trusted healthcare provider if you are concerned about signs of postpartum depression, anxiety, or traumatic stress.
If you or someone you know is struggling with postpartum depression or anxiety, don't wait to seek help. Contact a postpartum depression therapist today and take the first step towards healing and recovery.
Footnotes
Shorey, S., Chee, C. Y. I., Ng, E. S., Chan, Y. H., Tam, W. W. S., & Chong, Y. S. (2018). The global prevalence of postpartum depression among women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 234, 135-145.
Paulson, J. F., & Bazemore, S. D. (2010). Prenatal and postpartum depression in fathers and its association with maternal depression: A meta-analysis. JAMA, 303(19), 1961-1969.
O'Hara, M. W., & McCabe, J. E. (2013). Postpartum depression: Current status and future directions. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 9, 379-407.
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
Bloch, M., Schmidt, P. J., Danaceau, M., Murphy, J., Nieman, L., & Rubinow, D. R. (2000). Effects of gonadal steroids in women with a history of postpartum depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157(6), 924-930.
Vesga-López, O., Blanco, C., Keyes, K., Olfson, M., Grant, B. F., & Hasin, D. S. (2008). Psychiatric disorders in pregnant and postpartum women in the United States. Archives of General Psychiatry, 65(7), 805-815.
Stein, A., Pearson, R. M., Goodman, S. H., Rapa, E., Rahman, A., McCallum, M., ... & Howard, L. M. (2014). Effects of perinatal mental disorders on the fetus and child. The Lancet, 384(9956), 1800-1819.
Sit, D. K., Rothschild, A. J., & Wisner, K. L. (2006). A review of postpartum psychosis. Journal of Women's Health, 15(4), 352-368.
Beck, A. T. (2011). Cognitive behavior therapy: Basics and beyond (2nd ed.). Guilford Press.
Stuart, S., & Robertson, E. (2012). Interpersonal psychotherapy: A clinician's guide. Arnold Publishers.
Forman, D. R., O'Hara, M. W., Stuart, S., Gorman, L. L., Larsen, K. E., & Coy, K. C. (2007). Effective treatment for postpartum depression: A randomized controlled trial of interpersonal psychotherapy and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor medication. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75(6), 904-918.
Sue, D. W., & Sue, D. (2016). Counseling the culturally diverse: Theory and practice (7th ed.). Wiley.
Corral, M., Kuan, A. J., & Kostaras, X. (2007). Light therapy for postpartum depression: A review of the evidence. Journal of Affective Disorders, 99(1-3), 1-9.
Milgrom, J., Martin, P. R., & Negri, L. M. (2005). Treating postnatal depression: A psychological approach for health care practitioners. Wiley-Blackwell.
